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=== The societal dimension ===
In the current system, the user is a passive consumer, always dependent on utility companies and ignorant of how the energy system works. Costs ultimately As it is uncertain whether benefits would outweigh the benefits as of now costs for consumers and the liberalisation of the energy market is still ongoing. On the question whether a possible European-wide power grid should also be regulated on a European level, opinions are divided. On top of that, it is still uncertain how consumers are going to be motivated to become co-producers of energy, how the required knowledge about grid possibilities is spread as well as how the public can become involved in large-scale projects.
=== The technological dimension ===
*'''DSOs and TSOs'''
The roles and responsibilities DSOs and TSOs would have will change fundamentally when applying the smart grid idea and should therefore be taken into account.
*'''Energy service companies'''
With smart grids revolutionizing the energy market as we know it, the future of energy service companies is equally uncertain. What role they will play and especially what the regulatory framework around them should look like is to be defined.
== Measures in Place: What has been done ==
