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===The sources of the air pollution===
While the emissions of pollutants can be natural, such as volcanoes or vegetation emissions, most of the air pollution can be explained by human activities such as transport, energy and heat production (petrol, electricity), agriculture, and households heating. All of these activities are dependent on energy, which is mostly produced using the following fossil fuels:
[[File: Fuels.png|thumb|Fuels used by the EU in 2013, ''Ten priorities for Europe'', European Commissions]]
* Oil,
* Coal,
* Gas,
* Nuclear fuel
Being the world’s highest energy source importer - 53% of its energy production for a cost of €400 billion -, the European Commission has highlighted in its Ten priorities for Europe booklet published in 2015 the dependence of the Union on the fossil fuels which represent 88% of the generation of energy and heat in 2013. This booklet also highlights the little use of the renewable energies which, even if they increase, represent only 12% in 2013.