* https://ec.europa.eu/commission/priorities/energy-union-and-climate_en
DIRECTIVE In its energy and gas directives in 2009<ref>http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32009L0072&from=en</ref><ref>http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:211:0094:0136:en:PDF</ref>, the EU set fundamental rules for an internal energy market, revising and expanding another directive from 2003.<br />In its energy efficiency directive from 2012<ref>http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2012:315:0001:0056:en:PDF</72ref> it was decided to shift to a more energy efficient future for the EU's Energy Union and introduced its directive to deploy infrastructure for alternative fuels in 2014.<ref>http:/EC/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX: 32014L0094&from=EN<ref/><br /> 2012 was also the year when European Commission prepared for the roll-out of [[smart meters]].<ref>http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32009L007232012H0148&from=EN</ref> They followed up with a recommendation for the data protetiction of deployed smart meters as well as smart grids in general.<ref>http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32014H0724&from=enEN</ref><br /> In preperation for the upcoming legal measures regarding smart grids and technology connected to it, the European Commission released a communication document in 2011, presenting various challenges connected to smart grids, such as